ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE “ADJECTIVES” “The Order Of Adjectives When Using Several In A Row”

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE “ADJECTIVES”

“The Order Of Adjectives When Using Several In A Row”

ORDERING MULTIPLE ADJECTIVES

Ketika sejumlah kata sifat yang digunakan bersama-sama, agar tergantung pada fungsi kata sifat. Urutan biasa adalah:

Quantity, Value/Opinion, Size, Temperature, Age, Shape, Colour, Origin, Material

What the adjective expresses	Examples
Quantity	Four, ten, a few, several
Value/Opinion	Delicious, charming, beautiful
Size	Tall, tiny, huge
Temperature	Hot, cold
Age	Old, young, new, 14-year-old
Shape	Square, round
Colour	Red, purple, green
Origin	Swedish, Victorian, Chinese
Material	Glass, silver, wooden

Examples:

ü  They have a lovely old red post-box

ü  The playroom has six small round plastic tables

ü  I bought some charming Victorian silver ornaments at the flea market

ü  She is selling her flashy 3-year-old Italian car

ü  It was a beautiful cold day

Read More

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE “ADJECTIVES” “RECOGNIZING AND PLACE ADJECTIVES IN SENTENCES”

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE “ADJECTIVES”

“RECOGNIZING AND PLACE ADJECTIVES IN SENTENCES”

USING ADJECTIVES IN ENGLISH

      Kata sifat dalam Bahasa Inggris yang tidak berubah-ubah. Tidak mengubah bentuk mereka tergantung pada jenis kelamin atau jumlah kata benda.

Examples:

ü  This is a hot potato

ü  Those are some hot potatoes

       Untuk menekankan atau menguatkan makna kata sifat. Kata keterangan menggunakan atau benar-benar sangat didepan kata sifat yang ingin diperkuat.

Examples:

ü  This is a very hot potato

ü  Those are some really hot potatoes

      Kata sifat dalam Bahasa Inggris biasanya muncul didepan kata benda yang dimodifikasi.

Examples:

ü  The beautiful girl ignored me

ü  The fast red car drove away

      Kata sifat juga dapat muncul setelah kata kerja dan merasakan ingin to be, to seem, to look dan to taste.

Examples:

ü  Italy is beautiful

ü  I don’t think she seems nice at all

ü  You look tired

ü  This meat tastes funny

SOME EXCEPTIONS

     Kata sifat muncul setelah kata benda dalam beberapa ekspresi tetap.

Examples:

ü  The Princess Royal is visiting Oxford today

ü  The President elect made a speech last night

ü  He received a court martial the following week

      Kata sifat yang terlibat, hadir dan bersangkutan dapat muncul baik sebelum atau setelah kata benda, bahwa mereka memodifikasi. Tetapi dengan arti yang berbeda tergantung pada penempatan.

Examples:

Adjective placed After the noun	Meaning	Adjective placed Before the noun	Meaning
I want to see the people involved	I want to see the people who something to do with this matter	It was an involved discussion	The discussion was detailed & complex
Here is a list of the people present at the meeting	Here is a list of the people who were at the meeting	The present situation is not sustainable	The current situation is not sustainable
I need to see the man concerned by this accusation	I need to see the mann who has been accused	A concerned father came to see me today	A worried father came to see me today

Read More

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE "FORMING THE POSSESSIVE"

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE

FORMING THE POSSESSIVE

Bentuk posesif digunakan dengan kata benda mengacu pada orang, kelompok orang, negara, dan hewan. Ini menunjukkan hubungan antara milik satu dan lain hal. Untuk membentuk posesif, tambahkan apostrof+s untuk kata benda. Jika kata benda jamak atau sudah berakhir di s, hanya menambahkan apostrof setelah s.

Examples:

v  The car of John = John’s car

v  the room of the girls m= the girls’ room

v  clothes for men = men’s clothes

v  the boat of the sailors = the sailors’ boat

Untuk nama berakhiran s, anda dapat menambahkan apostrof + s atau hanya apostrof. Opsi pertama adalah lebih umum. Ketika mengucapkan nama posesif, kita menambahkan suara / z / ke akhir nama.

Examples:

v  thoma’s book (or Thomas’ book)

v  james’s shop (or James’ shop)

v  the Smiths’s house (or the SDmiths’ house)

FUNCTIONS OF THE POSSESSIVE

‘Milik’ atau ‘kepemilikan’ adalah hubungan yang paling umum mengekspresikan posesif.

Examples:

v  john owns a car. = it is John’s car

v  America has some gold reserves. = They are America’s gold reserves

Posesif juga bias mebgungkapkan dimana seseorang bekerja, studi atau menghabiskan waktu.

Examples:

v  John goes to this school. = This is John’s school

v  John sleeps in this room. = This is John;’s room

Posesif dapat mengungkapkan hubungan antara orang-orang.

Examples:

v  John’s mother is running late

v  Mrs Brown’s colleague will not be coming to the meeting

Posesif juga dapat mengungkapkan hal-hal tak berwujud.

Examples:

v  John’s patience is running late

v  The politician’s hypocrisy was deeply schocking

FIXED EXPRESSIONS

Ada juga beberapa ekspresi tetap dimana bentuk posesif digunakan.

Examples with time:

v  A day’s work

v  A month’s pay

v  Today’s newspaper

v  In a year’s time

Other examples:

v  For God’s sake! (= exclamation of exasperation)

v  A stone’s throw away (= very near)

v  At death’s door (= very ill)

v  In my mind’s eye (= in my imagination)

Posesif juga digunakan untuk merujuk ke took-toko, retoran, gereja-gereja dan perguruan tinggi, menggunakan judul nama atau pekerjaan pemilik.

Examples:

v  Shall we go to Luigi’s for lunch?

v  I’ve got an appointment at the dentist’s at eleven o’clock

v  Is Saint Mary’s an all girls school?

Read More

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE "NATIONALITIES IN ENGLISH"

ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE

NATIONALITIES IN ENGLISH

Membentuk kata sifat kebangsaan dan kata benda dari nama negara tidak selalu sederhana dalam Bahasa Inggris. Gunakan kata sifat kebangsaan berakhir di-ese atau-ish dengan kata kerja jamak, untuk merujuk kepada semua orang kebangsaan itu. Kata sifat yang tercantum juga sering mengacu pada Bahasa yang digunakan di negara ini, meskipun hal ini tidak selalu terjadi.

Examples:

v  Country: I live in Japan

v  Adjective: He likes Japanese food

v  Origins: she nis a Japanese person. = She is from Japan. = She is Japanese

v  Language: She speaks Japanese

v  Describing a group: Spaniards often drink wine. = Spanish people often drink wine

v  Describing a group: The Chinese enjoy fireworks. = Chinese people enjoy fireworks

Dalam beberapa kasus, kebangsaan atau benda regional dapat secara negative correlated bagi sebagian orang, karena alasan sejarah atau politik. Ketika hal ini terjadi, banyak orang tidak akan menggunakannya, tapi malah akan menggunakan kata sifat yang lebih netral + “people” formulasi atau “people from” + nama negara. Ini adalah kasus untuk contoh dengan asterix bawah. Formulasi alternative, cenderung tidak memberikan pelanggaran diberikan dalam kurung.

Geographic Region/Continent	Adjective	Noun
Africa	African	An African*(an African person, someone from Africa)
Asia	Asian	An Asian* (an Asian person, someone for Asia)
Europe	European	A European
Central America	Central American	A Central American
Middle East	Middle Eastern	A Middle Eastern
North Africa	North African	A North African
South America	South American	A South American
Southeast Asia	Southeast Asian	A Southeast Asian person

Country of Region	Adjective	Noun
Afghanistan	Afghan	An Afghan
Algerian	Algerian	An Agerian
Angola	Angolan	An Angolan
Argentina	Argentine	An Argentine
Austria	Austrian	An Austrian
Australia	Australian	An Australian
Bangladesh	Bangladeshi	A Bangladeshi
Belarus	Belarusian	A Belareusian
Canada	Canadian	A Canadian
China	chinese	A Chinese person
Denmark	danish	A Dane
Ecuador	Ecuadorian	An Ecuadorian
England	English	An Englishman/Englishwoman
Finland	Finnish	A Finn
Germany	German	A German
Holland	Dutch	A Dutchman/Dutchwoman
India	Indian	An Indian
Indonesia	Indonesian	An Indonesian
Japan	Japanese	A Japanese person
Kazakhstan	Kazakh	A Kazakhstani
Laos	Lao	A Laotian
Malaysia	Malaysian	A Malaysian
Mexico	Mexican	A Mexican
Nigeria	Nigerian	A Nigerian
Oman	Omani	An Omani
Pakistan	Pakistani	A Pakistani
Russia	Russian	A Russian
Saudi Arabia	Saudi, Saudi Arabian	A Saudi
Thailand	Thai	A Thai person
Ukraine	Ukranian	A Ukranian
Uruguay	Uruguayan	A Uru8guayan
Vietnam	Vietnamese	A Vietnamese person
Zambia	Zambian	A Zambian

Kota juga dapat diubah menjadi kata sifat dan kata benda, meskipun mereka sangat tidak teratur dan bentuk nominaltidak selalu disepakati (mungkin ada beberapa). Beberapa contoh nama kota berubah dibawah.

City	Adjective	Noun
Paris	Parisian	A Parisian
New York	New York	A New York
Sydney	Sydney	A Sydney Sider
London	London	A Londoner
New Delhi	New Delhi	A Delhiite
Cape Town	Cape Town	A Capetonian

Read More